Which term refers to a system that coordinates and automates core business processes across departments?

• A. EDI
• B. Just-in-Time (JIT)
• C. Packaging
• D. ERP

Answer: (D)

ERP, or Enterprise Resource Planning, is a system that coordinates and automates core business processes across departments. It brings functions like finance, procurement, manufacturing, inventory, and human resources into a single platform with a common database, so information flows smoothly and processes are standardized. This creates real-time visibility, reduces data silos, and supports end-to-end workflows—from order processing to procurement to production to financial reporting.

EDI, in contrast, is about exchanging standardized documents between separate organizations, not unifying internal processes. Just-in-Time is a production strategy aimed at reducing inventory and delivering materials as needed, rather than providing an integrated system that spans multiple departments. Packaging refers to the physical packaging of goods, not a software solution.