Which concept concerns tolerance for risk and ambiguity?

• A. Folkways
• B. Uncertainty Avoidance
• C. Norms
• D. Values

Answer: (B)

Uncertainty Avoidance describes how much people in a culture tolerate risk and ambiguity. It looks at how comfortable a society is with uncertain situations, unknown outcomes, and change. In cultures with high uncertainty avoidance, there is a preference for clear rules, detailed planning, and strict instructions to minimize ambiguity, often accompanied by anxiety toward uncertain situations. In cultures with low uncertainty avoidance, people are more comfortable with ambiguity, experimentation, and flexible norms.

Folkways are everyday informal norms guiding routine behavior, not specifically tied to risk tolerance. Norms are general expectations for behavior within a group. Values are beliefs about what is desirable or important. The question specifically targets how comfortable a culture is with uncertainty, so Uncertainty Avoidance is the best fit.