In FOB, who is responsible for unloading and export clearance?

• A. Buyer handles export clearance and risk passes when goods are delivered to port.
• B. Seller handles export clearance and loads goods on board; risk passes when on board.
• C. Seller handles import clearance and risk passes at destination.
• D. Buyer shoulders export clearance and risk passes after unloading.

Answer: (B)

In FOB, the seller is responsible for export clearance and for loading the goods onto the ship. The risk passes from seller to buyer when the goods are actually on board the vessel. Unloading at the destination is not the seller’s duty; that becomes the buyer’s responsibility there. So the best statement matches that the seller handles export clearance and loads the goods on board, with risk transferring once they’re on board. The other statements misstate who handles export clearance or when the risk transfers, or they misattribute unloading duties.